研究：女性領銜的奧斯卡提名電影票房更高

Oscar-nominated films with a woman in the starring role are more profitable than their male-led counterparts.
女性領銜主演的奧斯卡提名電影比男性領銜的奧斯卡提名電影利潤更可觀。

Female-led films earn higher box office returns - despite usually lower production budgets, according to BBC analysis.
根據BBC的分析報告，女性領銜的電影儘管電影的製作成本通常更低，但票房回報更高。

On average, every dollar invested in a female-led film earns back $2.12. For male-led films this figure is $1.59.
平均來說，投入到女性領銜電影中的每1美元回報爲2.12美元。男性領銜的電影回報爲1.59美元。

Just 28% of films nominated for an Oscar since 2013 have had an actress taking top billing.
自從2013年以來，獲得奧斯卡提名的電影只有28%是女性領銜主演的。

"Women are not bad box office, on or behind screen," says Kate Kinninmont, head of Women in Film and Television UK.
英國電影及電視界女性聯合會主席凱特·基尼蒙特說：“無論是在臺前還是幕後，女性帶來的票房都不低。”

Oscar-nominated films with a clearly definable female lead were 33% more profitable than male-led films, when comparing US box office and production budget.
在對比美國電影票房和製作成本後發現，女性領銜的奧斯卡提名電影比男性領銜電影的利潤高出33%。

This data, collated from Internet Movie Database, excluded documentaries and short films. The study looked at 155 films for which data was available, dating back to 2013. Distribution and promotional costs were not factored into the analysis.
這些數據來自網絡電影數據庫，不包括紀錄片和短片。該研究調查了2013年至今能收集到數據的155部電影。發行和宣傳成本不計算在內。

The female star boost isn't just an Oscars phenomenon.
女性領銜對票房的幫助不只是存在於奧斯卡範圍內。

Last year was a bumper one for female protagonists, and the first time since the 1950s the top three highest-grossing US films all had female leads: Star Wars: The Last Jedi, Beauty and the Beast and Wonder Woman.
去年是女主電影的豐收年，也是20世紀50年代以來首次出現票房收入最高的三部美國電影全都由女性領銜主演——《星球大戰：最後的絕地武士》、《美女與野獸》和《神奇女俠》。

Among 2017's 100 top-grossing US films, those with a female lead earned back more on their budgets - led by The Last Jedi starring Daisy Ridley, which made $618.3m.
2017年票房收入最高的100部美國電影中，女性領銜的電影票房回報更高。由黛西·雷德利領銜主演的《星球大戰：最後的絕地武士》票房最高，收穫了6.18億美元。

This is partly driven by box office returns that are 7% higher on average than their male-led counterparts, but to a greater extent because the majority of female-led films have significantly lower budgets.
其中一部分是源於女性領銜電影的票房收入平均比男性領銜電影高7%，但是更大程度上是因爲大部分女性領銜電影的成本要低得多。

The average production budget shrinks by 20% when a woman has the starring role.
當女性領銜主演時，平均製作成本會減少20%。

Hollywood's perception that "women won't bring in the same amount of money" is hard to change, says Kinninmont.
基尼蒙特說，好萊塢認爲“女性賺不來那麼多錢”的觀念難以改變。

For every dollar invested into Oscar-nominated films during the last five years, 76 cents went to films with a male lead.
在過去五年裏，投資到奧斯卡提名電影的每1美元，有76美分是投資給男性領銜的電影。

The Academy Awards have previously been criticised for their lack of diversity, notably in 2015, when all 20 nominees in the acting categories were white and there were no female nominees for direction or writing.
奧斯卡獎評委會曾因缺乏多樣性而受到批評，尤其是在2015年，表演類獎項的20個提名者全是白人，而且導演或編劇獎項中沒有任何女性被提名。

A 2017 study from San Diego State University found women made up just 18% of key roles behind the camera, including directors, writers, producers, executive producers, editors and cinematographers.
美國聖地亞哥州立大學2017年的一項研究發現，幕後關鍵崗位中女性只佔了18%，包括導演、編劇、製片人、執行製片、剪輯師和攝影師。

"We have got to be reflecting real life on screen, and that goes for every kind of diversity," concludes Kinninmont.
基尼蒙特總結道：“我們必須在電影中反映現實生活，而這需要各種多樣性。”