英國與歐盟達成新"脫歐"協議

Negotiators from the UK and EU reached a draft Brexit deal in 11th-hour talks Thursday, although there are serious doubts that the agreement will be approved by UK lawmakers back in Westminster.

本週四（10月17日），英國和歐盟的談判代表在11個小時的會談後達成了一份脫歐協議草案，儘管有些人嚴重懷疑該協議能否得到英國議會的批准。

Sterling rose on news after the UK made concessions over the Irish border, an issue that had proven to be the biggest obstacle to a deal. The pound was 0.8% higher against the dollar, at $1.2929, reaching a five-month high but soon trimmed those gains as opposition parties in the UK voiced their concerns.

英國在與愛爾蘭邊境問題上做出讓步後，英鎊應聲上漲，此前這一問題一直是達成協議的最大障礙。英鎊兌美元上漲0.8%，至1英鎊兌1.2929美元，創下五個月來的新高，但由於反對黨派表達了他們的擔憂，這一漲幅很快收窄。

"We have a great new Brexit deal," UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson tweeted. He called on British lawmakers to back the deal when it's put before Parliament on Saturday.

英國首相鮑里斯·約翰遜發佈推文說：“我們達成了一項偉大的新脫歐協議。”他呼籲英國議員在新協議於週六提交議會時表示支持。

European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker called the deal "fair and balanced".

歐盟委員會主席讓-克洛德·容克稱，該協議是“公平和均衡的”。

The "Withdrawal Agreement" was also approved by EU leaders at their summit on Thursday, but it still needs to pass UK lawmakers at the weekend. The EU Parliament will also have to ratify the deal at an as yet unspecified date.

歐盟領導人在本週四的峯會上也通過了這份脫歐協議，但協議仍需在週末通過英國議員的投票。該協議也需要得到歐盟議會的批准，但表決日期尚未確定。

Speaking after the deal was announced, Michel Barnier, the EU's chief Brexit negotiator, said the deal was the result of intense work from both negotiating teams. "We have delivered together," he said.

歐盟首席英國脫歐談判代表米歇爾·巴尼耶在協議宣佈後表示，該協議是雙方談判團隊緊張工作的結果。他說：“我們共同努力實現了這個目標。”

Giving further details on the deal, Barnier said that Northern Ireland will remain part of the UK's customs territory and would be the entry point into the EU's single market. He said there would be no regulatory or customs checks at the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (a part of the UK). That removed what had been a key issue for both sides. He added that Northern Ireland would remain aligned to some EU rules, notably related to goods.

巴尼耶透露了協議的更多細節，他說，北愛爾蘭仍將留在英國關稅區，並將成爲進入歐盟單一市場的入口。他說，愛爾蘭共和國和北愛爾蘭（英國領土）之間的邊境將不會有監管或海關檢查。這解決了雙方存有爭議的一個關鍵問題。他補充說，北愛爾蘭將繼續遵守歐盟的一些規定，尤其是商品方面的規定。

The deal also covers the protection of citizens' rights and a transition period that will last until the end of 2020. Barnier also said the EU and UK would work toward an "ambitious free trade deal with zero tariffs and quotas".

該協議還包括保護公民權利，以及將持續到2020年底的過渡時期政策。巴尼耶還表示，歐盟和英國將努力達成一項“零關稅和配額的自由貿易協定”。

Johnson faced a Saturday deadline by law to request an extension to the current Brexit departure date of Oct. 31 had no deal been reached. However, Juncker has implied that EU leaders won't allow an extension, even if Johnson asks.

根據法律規定，如果未能達成協議，約翰遜必須在本週六的最後期限前提出申請，以延後目前的脫歐日期（10月31日）。然而，容克暗示，即使約翰遜提出要求，歐盟領導人也不會允許延期。

This sets up a complicated and difficult day for the UK Parliament on Saturday. There are doubts a deal will be approved in Westminster, with opposition parties already criticizing it.

這使英國議會本週六將經歷複雜而艱難的一天。反對黨已經對此提出批評，因此有人懷疑這項協議是否能在議會得以通過。

While details of the new deal remain scant, the UK opposition Labour Party said in a statement that "from what we know, it seems the Prime Minister has negotiated an even worse deal than Theresa May's, which was overwhelmingly rejected". The pro-Remain Liberal Democrats also said they were determined to stop Brexit altogether and still advocated a second referendum. The leader of the Brexit Party, Nigel Farage, said the deal should not be supported. The Scottish National Party (SNP) has also said it will not vote for the deal.

儘管新協議的細節尚不清楚，但英國反對黨工黨在一份聲明中表示，“據我們所知，首相協商的協議似乎比特雷莎·梅的更糟糕，此前特雷莎·梅達成的協議在議會被多數票否決。”支持留歐的自由民主黨人還表示，他們決心一致阻止英國脫歐，並仍主張舉行第二次公投。英國脫歐黨領袖奈傑爾·法拉奇表示，不應該支持該協議。蘇格蘭民族黨也表示不會投票支持該協議。

A key ally of the government, the Northern Irish Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), has already responded by saying that it cannot support the deal.

政府的主要盟友北愛爾蘭民主統一黨已經表示，不會支持該協議。

The UK government, which does not have a majority in the British Parliament, needs the DUP's votes to approve the deal.

在英國議會中並未佔據多數席位的英國政府需要得到北愛爾蘭民主統一黨的支持以通過該協議。

The DUP said in a statement earlier Thursday that it was unhappy with the proposed customs and consent arrangements, which were designed to give Northern Ireland a say over its relationship with the EU post-Brexit. The DUP has repeatedly opposed any plans that would see it treated differently from the UK after Brexit.

北愛爾蘭民主統一黨在本週四早些時候的一份聲明中表示，對草擬協議中的關稅和達成一致的安排感到不滿，這些安排的目的是在英國脫歐後，使北愛爾蘭對其與歐盟的關係擁有發言權。民主統一黨曾多次反對在英國脫歐後北愛爾蘭與英國區別對待的任何計劃。

British MPs had rejected a Brexit deal reached by Johnson's predecessor, Theresa May, three times because of objections to the Irish "backstop" issue. This was designed to prevent a hard border on the island of Ireland if the UK and EU couldn't agree on a trade deal in a post-Brexit transition.

由於反對與愛爾蘭之間的“備份安排”問題，英國議員曾三次拒絕前任首相特蕾莎·梅達成的脫歐協議。“備份安排”是在英國脫歐後的過渡期，如果英國和歐盟不能就貿易協議達成一致，防止北愛地區與愛爾蘭之間出現“硬邊界”。