用英語說中國文化藝術 第23期:思想教育和文化之孟子思想
Mencius’ Theory
As a philosopher, Mencius' main doctrine is the Goodness of human nature. He advocated “Nourishing the Moving force”，and put forth the idea of “Heaven and man combine into one. ” Compare with Confucius, in the viewpoint of human nature, Mencius took a big step forward. Mencius declared definitely that human nature is “originally good”. Moreover, he built his entire philosophy on this tenet, and presented a series of concepts ：(1) Man possesses the innate knowledge of the good and “ innate ability” to do good； (2) If one “develops his mind to the utmost”，he can “serve heaven” and “fulfill his destiny”；（3)Evil is not inborn but due to man's own failures and his inability to avoid evil external influences； (4)Serious efforts must be made to recover men's original nature； (5) The end of learning is none other than to “seek for the lost mind”.
作爲一個哲學家，孟子的觀點是人性的善良。他主張“滋補移動力”，並提出了“天人合一的觀點”。 跟孔子相比較，從人性化的角度出發，孟子進了一大步。孟子宣稱人的本性絕對是“生來就好的”。此外，他在這個原則建立了他的整個理念，並提出了一系列思想：（1）人天生就具有良知的和“天賦才能”;（2）如果有一個人“激發他的心靈使其發揮到最大“，他可以”轉動天堂“和”完成他的使命“;（3）邪惡不是天生的，是由於人自身的失敗和他無法避免外部惡的影響;（4）認真的努力必能恢復人的原始本性;（5）終生學習無非是要尋找“缺失的心”。
