年全球貿易降至金融危機以來最低谷
Weaker demand from emerging markets made 2015 the worst year for world trade since the aftermath of the global financial crisis, highlighting rising fears about the health of the global economy.
新興市場需求減弱使2015年成爲全球金融危機爆發以來世界貿易最糟糕的一年，凸顯出對於全球經濟健康的擔憂加深。
The value of goods that crossed International borders last year fell 13.8 per cent in dollar terms — the first contraction since 2009 — according to the Netherlands Bureau of Economic Policy Analysis’s World Trade Monitor. Much of the slump was due to a slowdown in China and other emerging economies.
根據荷蘭經濟政策研究局(Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis)發佈的《世界貿易監測》(World Trade Monitor)報告，以美元計算，去年跨越國際邊境的商品總價值下降了13.8%，是自2009年以來的首次萎縮。這一暴跌很大程度上源於中國和其他新興經濟體的放緩。
The new data released yesterday represent the first snapshot of global trade for 2015. But the figures also come amid growing concerns that 2016 is already shaping up to be more fraught with dangers for the global economy than previously expected.
昨日發佈的新數據是對2015年全球貿易圖景的第一張快照。但在這些數據發佈之際，有越來越多的人擔心2016年對全球經濟而言將比此前預期的更爲危機四伏。
Those concerns are casting a heavy shadow over a two-day meeting of G20 central bank governors and finance ministers due to start tomorrow. The International Monetary Fund this week already warned that it was poised to downgrade its forecast for global growth this year, saying the leading economies needed to do more to boost growth.
這些擔憂給週五開幕、爲期兩天的G20央行行長和財長會議投下了濃重的陰影。本週國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)已經警告準備下調其對今年全球增長的預測，稱主要經濟體需要採取更多舉措來刺激增長。
The Baltic Dry index, a measure of the trade in bulk commodities, has been touching historic lows. China, which in 2014 overtook the US as the biggest trading nation, this month reported double-digit falls in both exports and imports in January. In Brazil, which is experiencing its worst recession in more than a century, imports from China have collapsed.
衡量散貨大宗商品貿易的波羅的海乾散貨運價指數(BDI)已經觸及歷史低位。2014年超過美國成爲世界最大貿易國的中國本月報告，1月出口和進口都出現兩位數下降。正在經歷一個多世紀以來最嚴重衰退的巴西從中國的進口暴跌。
Exports from China to Brazil of everything from cars to textiles shipped in containers fell 60 per cent in January from a year earlier while the total volume of imports via containers into Latin America’s biggest economy halved, according to Maersk Line, the world’s largest shipping company.
根據全球最大航運公司馬士基航運公司(Maersk Line)的數據，從汽車到集裝箱運輸的紡織品，1月中國對巴西出口同比下降60%，而通過集裝箱進入拉美最大經濟體的總進口量減半。
“What we are seeing right now from China is not only a phenomenon for Brazil, we are seeing the same all over Latin America, declining [Chinese export] volumes into all the markets,” said Antonio Dominguez, managing director for Maersk Line in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. “It has been going on for several quarters but is getting more evident as we move into the year [2016].”
“我們現在從中國看到的情況不僅僅是巴西一國的現象，我們在整個拉美都看到了同樣的情況，中國對所有市場的出口都在下降，”負責馬士基航運在巴西、巴拉圭、烏拉圭和阿根廷業務的執行董事安東尼奧•多明格斯(Antonio Dominguez)表示，“已經連續幾個季度出現這種情況，但隨着我們進入（2016）年，這種局面變得越來越明顯了。”
